Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server 1
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Overview
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Introducing ISA Server
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Using Caching
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Using Firewalls
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Deployment Scenarios for ISA Server
The Internet enables organizations to connect with customers, partners, and
employees. While this presents new business opportunities, it can also cause
concerns about security, performance, and manageability.
Microsoft
®
Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2000 is designed to
address the needs of today’s Internet-enabled businesses. ISA Server includes
caching features that enables an organization to save network bandwidth and
provide faster Web access for users. ISA Server includes a firewall service that
helps protect network resources from unauthorized access from outside the
organization’s network, while enabling efficient authorized access. Finally, ISA
Server includes management and administration features that enable an
organization to centrally control and manage Internet use and access.
After completing this module, you will be able to:
!
Explain the use of ISA Server.
!
Describe the concept of caching.
!
Describe the concept of firewalls.
!
Identify the deployment scenarios for ISA Server.
Topic Objective
To provide an overview of
the module topics and
objectives.
Lead-in
In this module, you will learn
about the use of ISA Server
as a cache server and an
enterprise firewall.
2 Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server
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Introducing ISA Server
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ISA Server Editions
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Benefits of ISA Server
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Installation Modes
ISA Server is an enterprise firewall and cache server built on the Microsoft
Windows
®
2000 operating system that provides policy-based access control,
acceleration, and management of internetworking. ISA Server is available in
two editions that are designed to meet the business and networking needs of
your organization. Whether deployed as dedicated components or as an
integrated firewall and caching server, ISA Server provides organizations with a
unified management console that is designed to simplify security and access
management.
Topic Objective
To introduce ISA Server.
Lead-in
ISA Server provides benefits
and deployment options to
help an organization
manage Internet security
and access.
Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server 3
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ISA Server Editions
!
ISA Server Enterprise Edition
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ISA Server Standard Edition
ISA Server is available in two editions that are designed to meet the business
and networking needs of your organization.
ISA Server Enterprise Edition
The enterprise edition is designed to meet the performance, management, and
scalability needs of high volume Internet traffic environments with centralized
server management, multiple levels of access policy, and fault-tolerant
capabilities. The enterprise edition provides secure, scaleable, fast Internet
connectivity for mission-critical environments.
ISA Server Standard Edition
The standard edition provides enterprise-class firewall security and Web
caching capabilities for small business, workgroups and departmental
environments. The standard edition provides robust security, fast web access,
intuitive management and excellent price/performance for business-critical
environments.
Topic Objective
To identify the ISA Server
editions.
Lead-in
ISA Server is available in
two editions that are
designed to meet the
business and networking
needs of your organization.
4 Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server
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Benefits of ISA Server
Caching
Caching
Caching
Fast Access with a High-Performance Web Cache
Fast Access with a High-Performance Web Cache
Security
Security
Security
Enterprise Security Through a Multilayered Firewall
Enterprise Security Through a Multilayered Firewall
Management
Management
Management
Extensibility
Extensibility
Extensibility
Powerful Management with Integrated Administration
Powerful Management with Integrated Administration
Extensible and Customizable Platform
Extensible and Customizable Platform
ISA Server is a key member of the .NET Enterprise Server family. The
products in .NET Enterprise Servers are Microsoft’s comprehensive family of
server applications for building, deploying and managing scalable, integrated,
Web-based solutions and services. ISA Server offers several benefits to
organizations that want fast, secure, and manageable Internet connectivity.
Fast Access with a High-Performance Web Cache
ISA Server provides the following Web performance benefits:
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Provides faster Web access for users by retrieving objects locally rather than
over a slower connection to the potentially congested Internet.
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Reduces bandwidth costs by reducing network traffic.
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Distributes the content of Web servers and e-commerce applications
efficiently and cost-effectively to reach customers worldwide.
The capability for distributing Web content is only available in ISA
Server Enterprise Edition.
Enterprise Security Through a Multilayered Firewall
ISA Server provides the following security benefits:
!
Protects networks from unauthorized access.
!
Protects Web, e-mail, and other application servers from external attacks by
using Web publishing and server publishing to securely process incoming
requests to internal servers.
!
Filters incoming and outgoing network traffic to ensure security.
!
Enables secure access for authorized users from the Internet to the internal
network by using virtual private networks (VPNs).
Topic Objective
To describe the benefits
offered by ISA Server.
Lead-in
ISA Server offers an
organization several
benefits for Internet
connectivity.
Delivery Tip
The slide for this topic
includes animation. Click or
press the SPACEBAR to
advance the animation.
Delivery Tip
To present more information
about the .NET Enterprise
Server family, play the .NET
Enterprise Servers
animation. The animation is
included on the Trainer
Materials Compact Disc.
Note
Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server 5
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Powerful Management with Integrated Administration
ISA Server provides the following management benefits:
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Controls access centrally to ensure and enforce corporate policies.
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Improves productivity by limiting Internet use to approved applications and
destinations.
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Allocates bandwidth to match business priorities.
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Provides monitoring tools and produces reports that show how Internet
connectivity is used.
Extensible and Customizable Platform
ISA Server provides the following extensibility and customization benefits:
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Addresses security and performance needs that are specific to an
organization by using ISA Server Software Development Kit (SDK) for in-
house development of add-on components.
!
Extends security and management functionality with third-party solutions.
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Automates administrative tasks with scriptable Component Object Model
(COM) objects.
6 Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server
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Installation Modes
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Cache Mode
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Firewall Mode
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Integrated Mode
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Features Available with Each Mode
You can install ISA Server in three different modes: cache mode, firewall
mode, and integrated mode.
Cache Mode
In cache mode, you can improve network performance and save bandwidth by
storing frequently accessed Web objects closer to the user. You can then route
requests from clients to a cache server that holds cached objects.
Firewall Mode
In firewall mode, you can secure network traffic by configuring rules that
control communication between an internal network and the Internet. You can
also publish internal servers, which enables an organization to share data on its
network with partners or customers.
Integrated Mode
In integrated mode, you can combine the firewall and cache services on a single
host computer. While organizations can deploy ISA Server as a separate
firewall or caching service, you can have a single integrated enterprise firewall
and cache server by choosing this mode.
Topic Objective
To identify the installation
modes and associated
features of ISA Server.
Lead-in
There are three modes for
installing ISA Server.
Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server 7
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Features Available with Each Mode
Depending on which mode you select, different features are available. The table
below lists the features that are available for the firewall and cache modes. In
integrated mode, all of the features are available.
Feature
Description
Firewall
Mode
Cache
Mode
Access policy Defines which protocols and Internet
content that clients located behind an
ISA Server computer can access.
Yes HTTP
only
Web publishing Allows internal Web servers to be made
available to external clients.
Yes Yes
Server publishing Allows internal Web servers to be made
available to external clients.
Yes No
Virtual Private
Networks
Extend a private network using links
across shared or public networks like
the Internet.
Yes No
Cache service Stores frequently retrieved objects and
URLs in the cache drive of an ISA
Server computer.
No Yes
Packet filtering Controls the flow of IP packets to and
from ISA Server computer.
Yes No
Application filters Perform protocol-specific or system-
specific tasks, such as authentication, to
p
rovide an extra layer of security for the
Firewall service.
Yes No
Real-time
monitoring
Enables you to centrally monitor the
ISA Server computer activity including
alerts, sessions, and services.
Yes Yes
Alerts Notify you when specific events occur
and execute corresponding actions.
Yes Yes
Reports Summarize and analyze the activity
occurring on one or more ISA Server
computers.
Yes Yes
Explain that the tasks
associated with each of
these features will be
presented during the
course.
8 Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server
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Using Caching
!
The Caching Process
!
Types of Caching
Cache
Caching improves network performance by maintaining a cache of frequently
accessed Web objects. You can deploy ISA Server as a forward caching server
to improve the speed at which users on your internal network can gain access to
Internet resources. You can also deploy ISA Server as a reverse caching server
to improve the speed at which external users can gain access to selected Web
resources that you make available on the Internet. Additionally, you can
distribute the cache across multiple ISA Server computers. By distributing the
cache, a client can gain access to content from the ISA Server computer that is
closest to them. Distributed caching also provides load balancing and fault
tolerance in a network that has multiple ISA Servers.
Topic Objective
To introduce the topics
related to the use of
caching.
Lead-in
The cache service in ISA
Server improves network
performance by maintaining
a cache of frequently
accessed Web objects.
Module 1: Overview of Microsoft ISA Server 9
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The Caching Process
GET www.nwtraders.msft
GET www.nwtraders.msft
GET www.nwtraders.msft
Object is sent from Internet
Object is sent from cache
Client 1
Client 1
Client 2
Client 2
ISA Server
ISA Server
Cache
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
The process that ISA Server uses to cache content is similar to the process a
Web browser uses to save temporary Internet files. Most Web browsers cache
objects locally, storing requested Web pages in a folder on a computer’s hard
disk so that you can access subsequent objects locally. ISA Server takes this
concept one step further and maintains a centralized cache of frequently
requested Web objects.
The following steps describe the caching process that ISA Server uses to
retrieve Web objects for clients:
1. Client 1 requests a Web object.
2. If the object is not already in the ISA Server cache, ISA Server retrieves the
object from the server on the Internet.
3. The server on the Internet returns the object to the ISA Server computer.
The ISA Server computer retains a copy of the object in its cache and
returns the object to Client 1. The time that it takes the client to receive the
object and the resulting Internet traffic are approximately the same as if the
client had gained access to the object directly.
4. Client 2 requests the same Web object.
5. The ISA Server computer returns the object from its cache rather than
obtaining it from the server on the Internet. The client receives the object
much quicker and the request requires no Internet traffic.
Topic Objective
To illustrate the process that
ISA Server uses to cache
content.
Lead-in
The process that ISA Server
uses to cache content is
similar to the process a Web
browser uses to save
temporary Internet files.
Delivery Tip
The slide for this topic
includes animation. Click or
press the SPACEBAR to
advance the animation.
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Types of Caching
Forward
Caching
Reverse
Caching
Distributed
Caching
Internal Network
Internal Network
Internal Network
Internal Network
Cache
Cache
Cache
Cache
Cache
Web Server
Web Server
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
The caching service accelerates Web performance for both internal and external
clients. ISA Server supports both forward caching for outgoing requests and
reverse caching for incoming requests. Additionally, the cache can be
distributed across multiple ISA Server computers.
Forward Caching
You can use forward caching to provide internal clients with access to Web
objects the Internet. The ISA Server computer maintains a centralized cache of
frequently requested Web objects that can be accessed by any Web browser.
Objects served from the cache require significantly less processing than objects
served from the Internet.
Reverse Caching
You can use reverse caching to provide external clients with access to Web
objects from an internal Web server. The ISA Server computer, which is
located in front the Web server, only forwards requests to the Web server when
it cannot retrieve a requested object from its cache. The ISA Server computer
keeps external traffic away from the internal network.
Distributed Caching
You set up an array of ISA Server computers to use distributed caching. An
array is a group of ISA Server computers that can be treated and managed as a
single, logical entity. Distributing cached objects enhances caching
performance through load balancing and provides fault tolerance if an ISA
Server computer is unavailable. Both forward and reverse caching can be
distributed.
Distributed caching is only available in ISA Server Enterprise Edition.
Topic Objective
To describes the types of
caching available for ISA
Server.
Lead-in
ISA Server supports caching
in three configurations.
Note
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